The simple explanation is that the photo shows that Saturn has a "perpetual eclipse" created by the rings. It is only really obvious from this angle, as most of the time the "shadow" is just above, or even on, dense cloud.
If I am correct regarding the core of our Moon creating the Solar Eclipse in our atmosphere, then it would be a logical step to suggest that the rings of Saturn must be composed of the same material as the Lunar core area. If the rings materials are of an antigravitational nature, then it would be likely that the rings are not remnants of shattered moons, but just the debris from a shattered moons core.
Google "Saturn's Blue Cranium" to find more info.
There are some obvious differences between The Solar eclipse on Earth, and this one on Saturn. The material is not a huge solid core, but small pieces. This has the effect of creating a very black area, but still leave areas through which we can peep. Strangely, it is very light under there. Clouds are visible, and it would be expected that they would not be so well lit up. Saturn appears to be quite different to our conceptions of what a planet should be like.
There is a
band of light about 160,000 kilometers away from the rings, and about 100,000 kilometers thick. This is, in all probability, created by the rotating rings. Scientists are amazed to find that the rear of Saturn is reasonably well illuminated.
Also there must be a band of light created where we see the "shadow of the rings". It is this light which would be illuminating the clouds below. I suspect that this light band is created by the rotating of the massive clouds around most of the planet.
To create the "shadow" at the polar area, the planet and rings must be oriented or tilted away from the Sun. Winter time. About 10 times as far away from the Sun as we are.
Looking deep down into the atmosphere, it does not look dark or cold down there. It appears to be a beautiful blue sky. I suggest that there is another light source down there. This one created by the rotating planet. There could be a very inhabitable planet under all that cloud or gas.
Perhaps the Saturnian
Bible would tell of "four great lights."